Certificate Vocabulary for Career Pathways

Today I am wearing a mask. The mask is personal and protective equipment. The mask reduces the risk of infection. When I put on a mask it is harder for germs to get into my body.  When I wear a mask the PPE protects my nose and mouth from germs. My nose and mouth are portals of exit and entry. A portal of exit is a place where germs get out of the body. A portal of entry is where germs get into the body. The mask prevents germs from getting in. Wearing a mask reduces exposure to germs. 

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Read the examples below and decide what the risk of getting sick is.  1. A cook in a kitchen works with knives and other sharp equipment .  Very Low Risk             Low Risk                Medium Risk               High Risk             Very High Risk 2. A nurse in an emergency room and sees blood every day. Very Low Risk             Low Risk                Medium Risk               High Risk             Very High Risk 3. A doctor who is a surgeon and performs surgery .  Very Low Risk             Low Risk                Medium Risk               High Risk...

A portal of entry is like a door where pathogens enter the body.  Enter means to get in. Entry is the same as enter.  Foodborne Pathogen Jack loves to eat chicken and spinach . When he eats he puts the food in his mouth. Unfortunately, the food has germs on it. Jack does not know there are foodborne pathogens on his food. Five hours after he eats, he feels sick. He has a stomachache. He throws up a lot .  The foodborne pathogens entered his mouth. His mouth is the portal of entry because that is how the germs got into his body.  Check your understanding. Answer questions.  Shared Contacts Causes Infection Ken and Ben are twins . They look the same. They have to wear contacts to see. Sometimes they forget to clean their contacts . The contacts are dirty. Sometimes Ken uses Ben's contacts. Sometimes Ben uses Ken's contacts. Ken gets an eye infection from Ben. They both go to the doctor. They are both sick. They got sick because germs form the contacts got i...

A portal of exit is a place where bodily fluids come out of the body. Read the examples below to help understand what a portal of exit looks like.  Smelling Flowers Jen likes to smell flowers . She smells the daffodils . She smells the roses . She smells the hollyhocks . She smells the daisies . Smelling flowers makes Jen happy. She feels great! But there is one problem. The flowers make her sneeze! After smelling all the flowers her sinuses start to run. Mucus comes out of her nose. Achoo, achoo. She sneezes again and again. Achoo! Being Sick Jill is very sick. She has a fever . She is sneezing and coughing a lot. Saliva comes out of her mouth when she coughs. Snot comes out of her nose when she sneezes. She feels hot and she sweats . Her nose and mouth are portals of exit.  Getting Cut Bill has to wash the dishe s. The dishes are dirty . He forgets there are sharp objects in the sink . He cuts his finger on a knife . A little bit of blood comes out from the cut. The cu...

Ken likes to eat spicy food . He always put tobasco sauce on his pizza. He loves spicy chicken wings with sweet and spicy flavors. Ken will try anything that is spicy. He likes to eat papaya salad because it is spicy. He loves eating salsa and chips .  There are some things that Ken does not like about spicy food. Spicy food makes his sinuses run. There is more saliva in his mouth. More mucus comes out from his nose. He has to blow his nose into. Spicy food is messy. He has to wipe his face clean when he eats spicy food. 

Scientists Insects Decaying Medicines Cloth Stings Bites Allergies Mosquitoes Insect Repellant Light Colored Clothes Ticks Red Rash Lymes disease Nature

 A reservoir is a place where germs can grow, multiply, and spread. Example 1 - Food and Water Sometimes there are germs on the food we eat. If we eat the food and the germs get into our bodies through our mouth, we can become infected. That means we can get sick. If someone gets sick after eating chicken, the chicken is the reservoir.  The spinach was recalled from the store. The spinach has salmonella on it. Salmonella is a foodborne pathogen that can make a person get sick. The store had to recall the spinach. This means the spinach was put into the garbage. The spinach was a reservoir for the pathogen to live, eat, and grow.  Do not drink the water here! The water is a reservoir for germs. The water here can make a person sick because there are germs in the water.  Example 2 - Wood ticks and Mosquitoes Wood ticks can be hosts for lymes disease. Lymes disease can make a person sick. Lymes disease is bacteria that grows in the tick's body. When a wood tick bites...

Pathogens are small. Pathogens make people sick. There are a lot of different pathogens. When pathogens get into a host, it can make the host sick.  Covid-19 - Covid-19 is an airborne pathogen. This pathogen made a lot of people sick. Many people died. People had to wear masks at stores and at school. Masks were required in many places. People had to stand six feet apart to prevent the spread of this pathogen from one person to another.  Salmonella -  Salmonella   can be found in a variety of foods, including chicken , beef , pork , eggs , fruits, and vegetables . Salmonella is a foodborne pathogen. If something is foodborne that means the pathogen can grow on the food. Salmonella and Food | CDC Influenza - Influenza is an airborne pathogen. People call it the flu. People with the flu usually have a fever and a stomachache . People with the flu have to use the bathroom a lot. People with the flu sometimes vomit . Influenza is a pathogen. 

1. Direct Transmission Direct transmission means a person was exposed to a pathogen by touching another person;  hugging ,  kissing ,  handshakes , and  cuddling  are all ways pathogens can be directly transmitted.  2. Indirect Transmission When a person gets sick from indirect transmission this means two people did not touch. To be exposed to germs indirectly means that germs have gotten onto another object like a  door handle ,  coffee cup ,  pen ,  pencil , shared  , etc.  If someone sneezes or coughs, touches an object, and a 2nd person touches the same object the person got germs on, this is indirect transmission because two people were not touching.  Coffee with Mom Jacob is feeling a little sick. He thinks it is allergies from spring . Flowers are blooming. Trees are growing. He  sneezes a lot . He coughs a lot. His  throat feels sore.   Allergens are not the same as pathogens. He does not thin...

Work with a partner. Read the sentences and circle the bodily fluid in each sentence. 1. There is blood on the paper towel . It could be infected with a bloodborne pathogen. It is potentially infectious.  2. There is mucus on the table. Please put on latex free disposable gloves to clean the table.  3. There is vomit on his shoe . Please put on personal and protective equipment to clean the shoe.  4. There is urine on the toiletseat . Urine is a bodily fluid and could be potentially infectious.  5. Clean out the plasma in the container . Plasma is a yellow bodily fluid.  6. There is earwax on the Q-tip . Earwax could make a person sick. Dispose the Q-tip into the trash.   7. There is saliva on the toiletpaper . Please dispose of the toilet paper.  8. There is puke on the towel. Put on a mask and put on some gloves. The PPE will prevent you from getting exposed to potentially infectious materials....

  Bodily Fluids Mucus is a bodily fluid that comes from the nose. Saliva is a bodily fluid that comes from the mouth. Urine is pee it comes out of the body when we use the bathroom. Blood is a bodily fluid that comes out of our body when we get cut with a sharp object. Vomit is a bodily fluid that comes out of our body when we throw up. People can throw up when they are sick or drink too much beer/alcohol.

Hello friends, today we are going to talk about how onions are harvested and processed in a factory. At first, they began to cut off the tip of the onion tree with a machine. Then comes the harvester to pull the onions out of the ground.  The job of the harvesters is to pull the onions out of the ground and cut down the excess trees. After harvesting the onions from the ground, it is time to collect the onions from the field. A tractor together with a truck comes to collect the onions from the field.  A machine attached to the tractor only collects onions from the field and throws the excess trees back onto the field. After collecting fresh onions from the field, the tractor sends the fresh onions directly to the truck via a conveyor belt.  Drivers drive the tractor and truck side by side for this process. After collecting the onions from the field, they transport them to the factory. Onions are unloaded from the truck via a conveyor belt.  Workers keep checking the ...

How Tomato Ketchup is Made First the tomatoes are harvested. Harvesting happens when fruits or vegetables are finished growing and ready to be taken off the plant. Then the tomatoes are washed in a big pool of water. After the tomatoes are washed they are peeled. When the tomato is peeled the skin of the tomato is taken off. Then workers check to make sure all of the tomato skins are off the tomatoes. Before the tomatoes are compressed into a ketchup paste, the tomatoes are cut and ground into smaller pieces. After a powder is added to the tomato juice the tomato soup mixture get stirred in a big container. The powder helps the tomatoes become ketchup. Finally , the ketchup is finished and can be put into ketchup bottles before being sold at a store. How Orange Juice is Made in Factory First the oranges are harvested from the trees. To harvest means the fruit is taken off the trees. Then trucks bring the oranges to a factory. Next the oranges are washed, rinsed, and ...

Protein Meat and fish are good sources of protein . Chicken , beef , salmon , and tuna are some examples of food with protein. Meat is not the only source of protein. A person can eat beans , nuts , and dairy to get protein too.  Fiber   Fruits and vegetables are good sources of fiber . A person can get fiber from oatmeal , popcorn , and beans .  Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are the same as carbs. Carbs is short for carbohydrates. Some foods that are high in carbs are bread, beans , potatoes , rice , cookies , noodles , soft drinks , cake , and pie . There is healthy food with carbohydrates too. Berries , beans , and apples are good sources of carbs.  There are complex carbs and simple carbs. Look at the pictures in the website links below to understand the difference between complex carbs and simple carbs.  1. Complex Carbohydrates and Simple Carbohydrates 2. Complex Carbohydrates and Simple Carbohydrates 3. Complex Carbohydrates and Simple Carbohydr...